Lesson 5:Judgement English – 判断と意志を英語で表す
このレッスンでは、Do(行動)、Be(状態)、Have(経験)、そして助動詞(Would / Could / Should)を融合して、
「何をした」「どうだった」「どう判断したか」「次はどうするか」をまとめて表現します。
学習ステップ
- 行動+状態+意志を1つの英文で表現できるようにする。
- 判断や反省を “Should / Could / Would + Have” で言えるようにする。
- 訓練報告やオーラル試験で、自分の思考プロセスを英語で整理する。
判断・意志を含む総合構文の例
| 英語例文 | 意味(日) |
|---|---|
| I did check the weather, but I should’ve reviewed the NOTAM again. | 天気は確認したが、NOTAMをもう一度見直すべきだった。 |
| We were waiting for clearance, and I would report the delay immediately next time. | クリアランス待ちをしていた。次回はすぐに遅延を報告するようにする。 |
| I’ve checked the visibility; I will go if it stays clear. | 視界は確認済み。晴れたままなら出発する。 |
訓練・座学での実践例
- Instructor: What would you do differently next time?
Student: I would call ATC earlier if I noticed the traffic again. - Instructor: Have you checked the weather for tomorrow?
Student: Yes, I have. It could be worse in the afternoon, so I’ll start earlier. - Instructor: What did you learn from today?
Student: I should’ve reduced power sooner. I’ll be careful next time.
判断・意志の使い分け
- I should’ve〜: 反省や気づき(例:I should’ve checked earlier.)
- I could〜: 可能性・選択肢(例:I could try another route.)
- I would〜: 控えめな意志・提案(例:I would recommend waiting.)
- I must〜: 強い責任・義務(例:I must review the checklist.)
融合練習(Do × Be × Have × 助動詞)
- I did check the checklist, but I wasn’t sure about the flaps. I should’ve confirmed again.
- We were waiting for clearance; it must’ve taken longer than usual.
- I’ve prepared the plan, but I would like to review it once more before submission.
- The instructor was calm, and I could learn from his reaction.
- I was being nervous during the approach, but I’ll manage it better next time.
よくある落とし穴
- 助動詞+完了形(should’ve / could’ve / would’ve)は口語で省略されるが、意味は変わらない。
- “I did〜” と “I should’ve〜” をつなげると、報告+反省が自然に伝わる。
- 英語では「過去」と「未来の意志」を同時に語るのが自然。
ドリル(選択・完成)
- I ______ (did / have) check the pattern, but I ______ (should / could) have adjusted earlier.
- We ______ (were / have) waiting, and it ______ (must / should) have been delayed.
- I ______ (would / could) call ATC if the frequency ______ (is / was) clear.
- I ______ (should / must) review the procedure before tomorrow’s flight.
- The instructor ______ (would / could) explain it again if you ask politely.
解答を表示
1. did / should 2. were / must 3. would / is 4. should 5. could
音読リズム練習
- I did|check the weather|but I should’ve|checked again.
- We were|waiting|and it must’ve|been delayed.
- I would|call ATC|if the frequency|is clear.
まとめ(暗唱ライン)
判断を話せる人が、信頼を得る人。
Do・Be・Have・助動詞を組み合わせて、自分の考えを英語で語ろう。